What is the main action of Methylxanthines like Theophylline?

Methylxanthines, such as Theophylline, primarily function as bronchodilators. They achieve this through the relaxation of smooth muscle in the airways, which helps to open up the air passages and improve airflow to the lungs. This mechanism is particularly beneficial for individuals experiencing asthma or other respiratory conditions characterized by bronchoconstriction.

Methylxanthines also have other effects, such as mild anti-inflammatory properties, but their primary and most clinically significant action remains bronchodilation. This makes them an important therapeutic option in managing asthma symptoms, especially when other bronchodilators may not provide sufficient relief.