Which medication type is used for acute asthma exacerbations?

Rescue medications are specifically designed for the immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms. They are typically short-acting bronchodilators, such as albuterol, which act quickly to relax the muscles around the airways, allowing for improved airflow and relief from sudden asthma symptoms. These medications are critical during an asthma attack or exacerbation, as they provide rapid relief from wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.

In contrast, controller medications are intended for long-term management and prevention of asthma symptoms. They help reduce inflammation and prevent exacerbations but do not provide quick relief. Long-acting bronchodilators are similar in that they provide maintenance therapy over a longer period and are not suitable for immediate use during an acute episode. Inhaled corticosteroids also focus on controlling chronic inflammation over time, rather than addressing acute symptoms. Therefore, rescue medications are crucial for providing the fast-acting response needed during an asthma attack.